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Suggestion for C#
I have a suggestion for C# I would like reader/writer locks to be built in to the language. When you want to aquire a loct on an object o you write lock(o) { ...//critical region }
I would like to be able to write: readlock(o) { ...//critical region that only reads shared data }
Behind the scenes, the first time readlock(o) was called, the locking mechanism on o would be upgraded to a reader/writer lock and any active, queued or future locks on o acqired by using lock(o) would become writer locks. That way there would be no difference for the programmer between usind a reader/write lock and a normal lock, all you would need to know would be that if you want to read and write shared data you use lock(o) and if you only want to read shared data you just use readlock(o). It may be feasible to downgrade the reader/writer lock to a normal lock again if only lock(o) has been used for a long time with no readlock(o)'s beeing called. Reader/writer locks are very common and this approach would not force the programmer to choose between a normal lock or a reader/writer lock, they would be the same. Furthermore with my suggestion there would be no need for creating a reader/writer lock object and creating try finally blocks etc. The syntax is much easier to use. If this is not the right place to post my suggestion, where do I send my suggestion? Kind Regards, Allan Ebdrup
On May 31, 9:50 am, "Allan Ebdrup" <ebd @noemail.noemail> wrote: > I have a suggestion for C# > I would like reader/writer locks to be built in to the language.
I'd definitely disagree with that idea. I'd prefer locks not to be part of the language at all - the "using" statement with appropriate locking types is all that's required. <snip> > Reader/writer locks are very common
I can't remember the last time I used one, and I've done plenty of multi-threaded code. Normally you can release the lock sufficiently quickly that it's more efficient to just use a "normal" lock than to use the heavier ReaderWriterLock. There's going to be a slimmer RW- lock in .NET 3.5, but even so, I wouldn't want it in the language. Where possible, the language should (IMO) avoid having dependencies on the framework. There are exceptions, but they should be tightly controlled. > Furthermore with my suggestion there would be no need for > creating a reader/writer lock object and creating try finally blocks etc. > The syntax is much easier to use.
A "using" statement is very easy to use. See http://pobox.com/~skeet/csharp/miscutil/usage/locking.html for an example - it could easily be expanded to have methods which take out a ReaderWriter lock, or to have different types which would do that appropriately. > If this is not the right place to post my suggestion, where do I send my > suggestion?
connections.microsoft.com is the normal place for suggestions and bug reports. It's a good idea to get peer review on newsgroups first though, so the suggestion can be "tuned" before submission. Jon
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On May 31, 9:50 am, "Allan Ebdrup" <ebd @noemail.noemail> wrote: Just thinking about this further: <snip> > Behind the scenes, the first time readlock(o) was called, the locking > mechanism on o would be upgraded to a reader/writer lock and any active, > queued or future locks on o acqired by using lock(o) would become writer > locks.
How would you expect that to work? The C# compiler still has to produce "normal" framework code - if this is just syntactic sugar, could you write the current C# equivalent which would upgrade the lock in one thread from a simple monitor lock to a reader/writer lock when a read-only lock was required in a different thread? Jon
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It is certainly a valid place to *discuss* it, but "connect" is probably better for a proposal - but this would need a lot more work... for instance, there is a big difference between how ReaderWriterLock and Monitor (=lock at the moment) work - Monitor uses part of the targetted object, but ReaderWriterLock is itself an object. The two would not be compatible at all. Monitor tends to be significantly more lightweight, so a syntax change for this to use a "write" ReaderWriterLock would be a huge change - but that is the only way it could possibly be compatible when you consider re-entrancy, sub methods etc. Likewise, this wouldn't support Pulse etc. In short - I can't see it being feasible, and in most cases I can't see a reason to try. In most scenarios, Monitor is more than adequate. In those scenarios where you really do want parallel concurrent access, the existing ReaderWriterLock syntax works. I can't remember the "who" or the exact quote, but a good rule of thumb is: if you want to make a change like this, it had better be *much* better, otherwise it isn't worth it. In this case, I'm not sure that it is. IMHO Marc
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"Jon Skeet [C# MVP]" <s @pobox.com> wrote in message news:1180602402.646900.140350@q75g2000hsh.googlegroups.com... >> I would like reader/writer locks to be built in to the language. > I'd definitely disagree with that idea. I'd prefer locks not to be > part of the language at all - the "using" statement with appropriate > locking types is all that's required.
Agreed 100%. >> Reader/writer locks are very common > I can't remember the last time I used one, and I've done plenty of > multi-threaded code.
Likewise, on both counts... -- http://www.markrae.net
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On May 31, 10:06 am, "Jon Skeet [C# MVP]" <s @pobox.com> wrote: <snip> > connections.microsoft.com is the normal place for suggestions and bug > reports.
Oops - as Marc pointed out, it's connect.microsoft.com. Jon
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"Jon Skeet [C# MVP]" <s @pobox.com> wrote in message news:1180602402.646900.140350@q75g2000hsh.googlegroups.com...
> On May 31, 9:50 am, "Allan Ebdrup" <ebd @noemail.noemail> wrote: >> I have a suggestion for C# >> I would like reader/writer locks to be built in to the language. > I'd definitely disagree with that idea. I'd prefer locks not to be > part of the language at all - the "using" statement with appropriate > locking types is all that's required. > <snip> >> Reader/writer locks are very common > I can't remember the last time I used one, and I've done plenty of > multi-threaded code. Normally you can release the lock sufficiently > quickly that it's more efficient to just use a "normal" lock than to > use the heavier ReaderWriterLock. There's going to be a slimmer RW- > lock in .NET 3.5, but even so, I wouldn't want it in the language. > Where possible, the language should (IMO) avoid having dependencies on > the framework. There are exceptions, but they should be tightly > controlled.
I see what you mean, I do use reader/writer locks for caching data that is read very often in somewhat heavy operations and very seldom written. I still like the idea of not having to choose wether you use a normal lock or a reader/writer lock, and just upgrading the locking mecanism if needed. >> Furthermore with my suggestion there would be no need for >> creating a reader/writer lock object and creating try finally blocks etc. >> The syntax is much easier to use. > A "using" statement is very easy to use. > See http://pobox.com/~skeet/csharp/miscutil/usage/locking.html for an > example - it could easily be expanded to have methods which take out a > ReaderWriter lock, or to have different types which would do that > appropriately.
good example. I'm not sure what mean by the last part. Do you mean that you could make code that upgrades from a normal lock to a reader/writer lock? Kind Regards, Allan Ebdrup
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"Jon Skeet [C# MVP]" <s @pobox.com> wrote in message news:1180602576.718605.144300@q75g2000hsh.googlegroups.com...
> On May 31, 9:50 am, "Allan Ebdrup" <ebd @noemail.noemail> wrote: > Just thinking about this further: > <snip> >> Behind the scenes, the first time readlock(o) was called, the locking >> mechanism on o would be upgraded to a reader/writer lock and any active, >> queued or future locks on o acqired by using lock(o) would become writer >> locks. > How would you expect that to work? The C# compiler still has to > produce "normal" framework code - if this is just syntactic sugar, > could you write the current C# equivalent which would upgrade the lock > in one thread from a simple monitor lock to a reader/writer lock when > a read-only lock was required in a different thread?
I'm pretty sure it could be done. But I don't have a solution in mind. -----------------------------------------------Reply-----------------------------------------------
On May 31, 10:33 am, "Allan Ebdrup" <ebd @noemail.noemail> wrote: > > I can't remember the last time I used one, and I've done plenty of > > multi-threaded code. Normally you can release the lock sufficiently > > quickly that it's more efficient to just use a "normal" lock than to > > use the heavier ReaderWriterLock. There's going to be a slimmer RW- > > lock in .NET 3.5, but even so, I wouldn't want it in the language. > > Where possible, the language should (IMO) avoid having dependencies on > > the framework. There are exceptions, but they should be tightly > > controlled. > I see what you mean, I do use reader/writer locks for caching data that is > read very often in somewhat heavy operations and very seldom written.
But how long does fetching the data take anyway, and how much concurrency do you expect? If it's quick, it could well be that using a ReaderWriter lock is still more expensive than a plain exclusive monitor lock. > I still like the idea of not having to choose wether you use a normal lock or > a reader/writer lock, and just upgrading the locking mecanism if needed.
It would be a nice idea if it were feasible - but I don't *think* it is. > > A "using" statement is very easy to use. > > See http://pobox.com/~skeet/csharp/miscutil/usage/locking.htmlfor an > > example - it could easily be expanded to have methods which take out a > > ReaderWriter lock, or to have different types which would do that > > appropriately. > good example. I'm not sure what mean by the last part. Do you mean that > you could make code that upgrades from a normal lock to a reader/writer > lock?
I don't think it could upgrade an existing, held lock into a reader/ writer lock. With *very* carefully defined semantics it might be possible to work something out, but I'm not entirely sure. I don't think it's worth the extra work though, personally. Jon
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On May 31, 12:09 pm, "Jon Skeet [C# MVP]" <s @pobox.com> wrote:
> On May 31, 9:50 am, "Allan Ebdrup" <ebd @noemail.noemail> wrote: > Just thinking about this further: > <snip> > > Behind the scenes, the first time readlock(o) was called, the locking > > mechanism on o would be upgraded to a reader/writer lock and any active, > > queued or future locks on o acqired by using lock(o) would become writer > > locks. > How would you expect that to work? The C# compiler still has to > produce "normal" framework code - if this is just syntactic sugar, > could you write the current C# equivalent which would upgrade the lock > in one thread from a simple monitor lock to a reader/writer lock when > a read-only lock was required in a different thread? > Jon
Jon, I agree 100%. > Where possible, the language should (IMO) avoid having dependencies on > the framework. There are exceptions, but they should be tightly > controlled.
I would say that the language should try to avoid as much as it can having dependencies of any kind :). Moty
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"Jon Skeet [C# MVP]" <s @pobox.com> wrote in message news:1180604758.551456.65170@p47g2000hsd.googlegroups.com... > On May 31, 10:33 am, "Allan Ebdrup" <ebd @noemail.noemail> wrote: >> I see what you mean, I do use reader/writer locks for caching data that >> is >> read very often in somewhat heavy operations and very seldom written. > But how long does fetching the data take anyway, and how much > concurrency do you expect? If it's quick, it could well be that using > a ReaderWriter lock is still more expensive than a plain exclusive > monitor lock.
In one case fetching the data and updating the data (writer lock) takes several minutes Reading the data is called from many threads and the readlock is held for several seconds on each thread. >> I still like the idea of not having to choose wether you use a normal >> lock or >> a reader/writer lock, and just upgrading the locking mecanism if needed. > It would be a nice idea if it were feasible - but I don't *think* it > is.
Don't be so pessimistic, almost anything is possible. > I don't think it could upgrade an existing, held lock into a reader/ > writer lock. With *very* carefully defined semantics it might be > possible to work something out, but I'm not entirely sure. I don't > think it's worth the extra work though, personally.
That's why I want MS to do the work ;-), it only has to be done once. Kind Regards, Allan Ebdrup
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On May 31, 11:31 am, "Allan Ebdrup" <ebd @noemail.noemail> wrote: > > But how long does fetching the data take anyway, and how much > > concurrency do you expect? If it's quick, it could well be that using > > a ReaderWriter lock is still more expensive than a plain exclusive > > monitor lock. > In one case fetching the data and updating the data (writer lock) takes > several minutes > Reading the data is called from many threads and the readlock is held for > several seconds on each thread.
Right. I'd say that's a fairly unusual situation - I rarely need to hold locks for that long. > > It would be a nice idea if it were feasible - but I don't *think* it > > is. > Don't be so pessimistic, almost anything is possible.
Not within C# itself. If there were a CLR change as well, it might be possible. That's clearly a much bigger task though, and I don't think it's worth the effort. > > I don't think it could upgrade an existing, held lock into a reader/ > > writer lock. With *very* carefully defined semantics it might be > > possible to work something out, but I'm not entirely sure. I don't > > think it's worth the extra work though, personally. > That's why I want MS to do the work ;-), it only has to be done once.
I think there are other features I'd be much more interested in MS working on, to be honest. Jon
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"Moty Michaely" <Moty @gmail.com> wrote in message news:1180605193.960629.306080@h2g2000hsg.googlegroups.com... > On May 31, 12:09 pm, "Jon Skeet [C# MVP]" <s @pobox.com> wrote: >> Where possible, the language should (IMO) avoid having dependencies on >> the framework. There are exceptions, but they should be tightly >> controlled. > I would say that the language should try to avoid as much as it can > having dependencies of any kind :).
I agree that adding the feature to the language was a bad idea. But I still like the idea of it beeing possible to upgrade a lock from a monitor to a ReaderWriterLock if needed. I guess I don't see why more work wasn't put into having those two locking mechanisms behave more simular, seems to me that a ReaderWriterLock might as well work on an object like a Monitor and might as well have Pulse so they are more simular. Maybe I'm missing something but would Pulse on a ReaderWriterLock not make sense? And would a ReaderWriterLock that works on an object like Monitor not make sense? Kind Regards, Allan Ebdrup
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"Jon Skeet [C# MVP]" <s @pobox.com> wrote in message news:1180607827.337283.48340@h2g2000hsg.googlegroups.com... > I think there are other features I'd be much more interested in MS > working on, to be honest.
You could always suggest it to Anders next time you do lunch... ;-) -- http://www.markrae.net
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"Jon Skeet [C# MVP]" <s @pobox.com> wrote in message news:1180604758.551456.65170@p47g2000hsd.googlegroups.com... > On May 31, 10:33 am, "Allan Ebdrup" <ebd @noemail.noemail> wrote: >> I still like the idea of not having to choose wether you use a normal >> lock or >> a reader/writer lock, and just upgrading the locking mecanism if needed. > It would be a nice idea if it were feasible - but I don't *think* it > is.
Well differentiating between a normal lock and a read/write lock could be arranged easily enough. Something like lock(obj), readLock(obj), writeLock(obj). Read and write locks could only be done on a custom 'ReadWriteLock' class. The code itself for a (albeit very VERY basic) read/wrtie lock would just be a counter incremented for each reader currently locking. -----------------------------------------------Reply-----------------------------------------------
Dave <fairyd @dodo.com.au> wrote: > > It would be a nice idea if it were feasible - but I don't *think* it > > is. > Well differentiating between a normal lock and a read/write lock could be > arranged easily enough. Something like lock(obj), readLock(obj), > writeLock(obj). Read and write locks could only be done on a custom > 'ReadWriteLock' class. The code itself for a (albeit very VERY basic) > read/wrtie lock would just be a counter incremented for each reader > currently locking.
But Allan's suggestion requires "upgrading" from a cheap mutex lock to a reader/writer lock - and that's the tricky bit, IMO. -- Jon Skeet - <s@pobox.com> http://www.pobox.com/~skeet Blog: http://www.msmvps.com/jon.skeet If replying to the group, please do not mail me too
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"Jon Skeet [C# MVP]" <s @pobox.com> wrote: > On May 31, 9:50 am, "Allan Ebdrup" <ebd @noemail.noemail> wrote: >> Reader/writer locks are very common > I can't remember the last time I used one, and I've done plenty of > multi-threaded code.
At the other end of the spectrum, I use ReaderWriter locks quite a bit. Our stuff runs on alot of multi-core and multi-processor machines, and we actually end up with alot of lock contention as a result. I believe in most multi-threaded apps, true lock contention is actually pretty rare and locking is more for preventing corner cases and race conditions - so Monitors work very well. When I ran the profiler on an 16 processor (64GB of Memory) IA64 box, it quickly became apparent that Monitor's were not going to cut it any longer. We then switched our key datastructures over to use ReaderWriterLocks, and things improved dramatically. One of my frustrations here is the lack of a good overall solution. When I was doing this profiling, I tried 3 solutions for locking around our various stacks and queues: Solution 1 - Monitors Solution 2 - ReaderWriterLocks Solution 3 - Lock Free Code On a small box (1 or 2 processors) we saw: - Monitors were clearly the best. - ReaderWriterLocks were ok. - Lock Free Stuff was slowest. On meduim boxes (4 or 8 processors) we saw: - Monitors were ok. - ReaderWriterLocks were better. - Lock Free Stuff was somewhere in between. On big boxes (16 processors) we saw: - Monitors Sucked - ReaderWriterLock was ok. - Lock Free was awesome. (These results were across a mixture of x86, x64 and IA64 machines. I really wish I had been more methodical in recording my results, as it would have made a great blog entry....) These results were very tied to our use cases - adding (and removing) data to a queue for processing, checking for cache hits, expiring a cache, updating a chache, and some other related cases. There were 4 or 5 spots that really stood out as "Contention here!", and this is where changing the lock structures made a difference. For the vast majority of the locking we do, Monitors are the solution. I've always wanted to "Write a smart locking class, that checks the processor count at runtime, then uses the right lock & datastructure." -- Chris Mullins, MCSD.NET, MCPD:Enterprise, Microsoft C# MVP http://www.coversant.com/blogs/cmullins
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I should mention the scales I'm talking about as well - if you're dealing with small scale applications, everything I'm talking about is a waste of time and you should just use whatever locking mechanism you and your team understand the best (typically Monitors). In the tests I described in the last post, we had 250,000 TCP connections coming into a single server, with each connection actively sending and receiving traffic. This traffic is XMPP traffic, which means UTF-8 to UTF-16 encoding changes, Xml Stanza ReAssembly (due to receive chunking), Xml Processing, Z-Lib Compression, TLS Encryption, and a boatload of processing (Are my friends online? Send me their status. Is anyone registred to be looking for me? Send them my status. Do I have any offline messages pending? Send 'em over. Do I have any offline events pending? Send them too. Gimme all my friends Avatar's [even if they're offline, it should still be the newest avatar they published], etc.) I'm really looking forward to the networking improvements that Orcas brings. The new Overlapped datastructures alone should give us a 50%+ boost in scalability on comparable hardware.... -- Chris Mullins, MCSD.NET, MCPD:Enterprise, Microsoft C# MVP http://www.coversant.com/blogs/cmullins "Chris Mullins [MVP]" <cmull@yahoo.com> wrote in message news:erWqIU7oHHA.4696@TK2MSFTNGP02.phx.gbl...
> "Jon Skeet [C# MVP]" <s @pobox.com> wrote: >> On May 31, 9:50 am, "Allan Ebdrup" <ebd @noemail.noemail> wrote: >>> Reader/writer locks are very common >> I can't remember the last time I used one, and I've done plenty of >> multi-threaded code. > At the other end of the spectrum, I use ReaderWriter locks quite a bit. > Our stuff runs on alot of multi-core and multi-processor machines, and we > actually end up with alot of lock contention as a result. I believe in > most multi-threaded apps, true lock contention is actually pretty rare and > locking is more for preventing corner cases and race conditions - so > Monitors work very well. > When I ran the profiler on an 16 processor (64GB of Memory) IA64 box, it > quickly became apparent that Monitor's were not going to cut it any > longer. We then switched our key datastructures over to use > ReaderWriterLocks, and things improved dramatically. > One of my frustrations here is the lack of a good overall solution. When I > was doing this profiling, I tried 3 solutions for locking around our > various stacks and queues: > Solution 1 - Monitors > Solution 2 - ReaderWriterLocks > Solution 3 - Lock Free Code > On a small box (1 or 2 processors) we saw: > - Monitors were clearly the best. > - ReaderWriterLocks were ok. > - Lock Free Stuff was slowest. > On meduim boxes (4 or 8 processors) we saw: > - Monitors were ok. > - ReaderWriterLocks were better. > - Lock Free Stuff was somewhere in between. > On big boxes (16 processors) we saw: > - Monitors Sucked > - ReaderWriterLock was ok. > - Lock Free was awesome. > (These results were across a mixture of x86, x64 and IA64 machines. I > really wish I had been more methodical in recording my results, as it > would have made a great blog entry....) > These results were very tied to our use cases - adding (and removing) data > to a queue for processing, checking for cache hits, expiring a cache, > updating a chache, and some other related cases. > There were 4 or 5 spots that really stood out as "Contention here!", and > this is where changing the lock structures made a difference. For the vast > majority of the locking we do, Monitors are the solution. > I've always wanted to "Write a smart locking class, that checks the > processor count at runtime, then uses the right lock & datastructure." > -- > Chris Mullins, MCSD.NET, MCPD:Enterprise, Microsoft C# MVP > http://www.coversant.com/blogs/cmullins
Chris Mullins [MVP] <cmull @yahoo.com> wrote:
> "Jon Skeet [C# MVP]" <s @pobox.com> wrote: > > On May 31, 9:50 am, "Allan Ebdrup" <ebd @noemail.noemail> wrote: > >> Reader/writer locks are very common > > I can't remember the last time I used one, and I've done plenty of > > multi-threaded code. > At the other end of the spectrum, I use ReaderWriter locks quite a bit. > Our stuff runs on alot of multi-core and multi-processor machines, and we > actually end up with alot of lock contention as a result. I believe in most > multi-threaded apps, true lock contention is actually pretty rare and > locking is more for preventing corner cases and race conditions - so > Monitors work very well. > When I ran the profiler on an 16 processor (64GB of Memory) IA64 box, it > quickly became apparent that Monitor's were not going to cut it any longer. > We then switched our key datastructures over to use ReaderWriterLocks, and > things improved dramatically.
Are you hoping to move to .NET 3.5 any time soon? I'd expect that with the "slim" reader/writer lock, it should get better again. Interesting reading about your experiences with other solutions - not entirely surprising, but annoying, as you say... -- Jon Skeet - <s@pobox.com> http://www.pobox.com/~skeet Blog: http://www.msmvps.com/jon.skeet If replying to the group, please do not mail me too
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I hope so, but it's really up in the air at this point. The problem is that our Client and Server are both built on top of the same SDK - and that SDK needs to be able to run anywhere .Net 2.0 is installed. The SDK is what sits on top of the sockets, reads the Xml, and turns Xml Stanzas into instances of .Net classes. This needs to keep running on top of the .Net 2.0 CLR, as that's installed in a lot of spots. For the "server" portions of the codebase (the stuff that sits on top of the SDK), switching to .Net 3.5 will happen as soon as Orcas goes live. The networking improvements alone will justity it. I'm really hoping we can continue to use the same code base, and see the improvements. Ideally the same 2.0 assemblies, when run in the 3.5 CLR, will get the networking improvements (specifically, the improvements to the Overlapped datastructures, which is what really hobbled us last time). I also want to go the route Richter went in his Power Threading library - he's got an abstraction layer for his locks, so it's really easy to switch out the lock types, with ReaderWriterLockSlim being one of the first things to try. -- Chris Mullins, MCSD.NET, MCPD:Enterprise, Microsoft C# MVP http://www.coversant.com/blogs/cmullins "Jon Skeet [C# MVP]" <s@pobox.com> wrote in message news:MPG.20c94c8f1a9b89cc19b@msnews.microsoft.com...
> Chris Mullins [MVP] <cmull @yahoo.com> wrote: >> "Jon Skeet [C# MVP]" <s @pobox.com> wrote: >> > On May 31, 9:50 am, "Allan Ebdrup" <ebd @noemail.noemail> wrote: >> >> Reader/writer locks are very common >> > I can't remember the last time I used one, and I've done plenty of >> > multi-threaded code. >> At the other end of the spectrum, I use ReaderWriter locks quite a bit. >> Our stuff runs on alot of multi-core and multi-processor machines, and we >> actually end up with alot of lock contention as a result. I believe in >> most >> multi-threaded apps, true lock contention is actually pretty rare and >> locking is more for preventing corner cases and race conditions - so >> Monitors work very well. >> When I ran the profiler on an 16 processor (64GB of Memory) IA64 box, it >> quickly became apparent that Monitor's were not going to cut it any >> longer. >> We then switched our key datastructures over to use ReaderWriterLocks, >> and >> things improved dramatically. > Are you hoping to move to .NET 3.5 any time soon? I'd expect that with > the "slim" reader/writer lock, it should get better again. > Interesting reading about your experiences with other solutions - not > entirely surprising, but annoying, as you say... > -- > Jon Skeet - <s@pobox.com> > http://www.pobox.com/~skeet Blog: http://www.msmvps.com/jon.skeet > If replying to the group, please do not mail me too
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